Ardeatine (ar day aah tee’ nay) Cave Massacre Outside Rome, Italy. March 24, 1944

Hitler decreed for every German soldier killed 10 citizens would die. The Italian Resistance bombed an SS Police Regiment, and a total of 42 Nazis died. The Nazis rounded up 335 men and made them prisoners. Most of the prisoners were civilians, political dissidents, and Jews. The youngest was 15, the oldest was 70. The SS took them to the outskirts of Rome, forced them into the caves, and shot them in the back of the head. Then, the caves were laced with dynamite to hide their atrocities. When the Allies liberated Rome on June 4, 1944, witness reports led Italian forensic experts to the caves. One of the witnesses, Hungarian Priest Szenik, overheard a German officer making a call about the massacre. The priest led his community to the caves. In July 1944, the bodies were exhumed. The caves were small so new victims were made to kneel on the bodies of the dead as they were executed. After the war, Herbert Kappler and Erich Priebke were tried and convicted. Priebke escaped to Argentina, where he lived for 50 years. He was located and extradited to Italy in 1995. In poor health, he served his life sentence in an apartment in Rome, where he died at the age of 100 in 2013. Kappler was captured by British authorities in 1947, then escaped from a prison in Rome in 1977, smuggled out by his wife. He was taken to West Germany, whose constitution did not allow West German citizens to be extradited to other countries. He died from stomach cancer, a free man at the age of 70 in 1978.

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Diana

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